The basic aim is to regulate certain activities around National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries so as to minimize the negative impacts of such activities on the fragile ecosystem encompassing the protected areas.

ESAs are notified by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) under Environment Protection Act 1986.

Eco-Sensitive Areas (ESAs) are located within 10 kms around Protected Areas, National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries.

The Karnataka's Government is of the opinion that declaring Western Ghats as ESA would adversely affect the livelihood of people in the region.

The Kasturirangan committee report has proposed 37% of the total area of Western Ghats to be declared as Eco-Sensitive Area (ESA).

Recently, the Government of Karnataka has informed the Center government that the state is opposed to the Kasturirangan Committee report on Western Ghats.

According to the recently released, Multi-dimensional Poverty Index (MPI) prepared by Niti Aayog, one in every four people in India was multidimensionally poor.

The World Inequality Lab вЂњIndia Inequality Report 2021: IndiaвЂ™s Unequal Healthcare StoryвЂќ released earlier this year shows that the socio-economic inequalities seep into the health sector and disproportionately affect health outcomes of marginalised communities due to the absence of Universal Health Coverage (UHC).

Given the large volume of wealth concentration, modest progressive taxes can generate significant revenues for governments.

The report suggested levying a modest progressive wealth tax on multimillionaires.

The private wealth increase seen in India over this time is also remarkable (up from 290% in 1980 to 560% in 2020).

China has had the largest increase in private wealth in recent decades.

There has been a rise of private wealth in emerging countries such as China and India.

A person in the bottom 50% of the population in India is responsible for, on average, five times fewer emissions than the average person in the bottom 50% in the European Union and 10 times fewer than the average person in the bottom 50% in the US.

The bottom 50% consume one, the middle 40% 2 and the top10%, 9 CO 2e/capita.

These levels are typically comparable with carbon footprints in sub-Saharan African countries.

Carbon dioxide equivalent or CO 2e is a term for describing different greenhouse gases in a common unit.

The average per capita consumption of greenhouse gas is equal to just over 2 CO 2e. The female labour income share is equal to 18% which is significantly lower than the average in Asia and this value is one of the lowest in the world.It has been observed that the deregulation and liberalisation policies implemented since the mid-1980s have led to вЂњone of the most extreme increases in income and wealth inequality observed in the worldвЂќ. The economic reforms and liberalization adopted by India have mostly benefited the top 1%.The top 1% of the population hold more than one-fifth of the total national income in 2021 and the bottom half just 13%.India stands out as a poor and very unequal country.Europe, Latin America, and South and Southeast Asia recorded the largest drops in national income in 2020 (between -6% and -7.6%) while East Asia (where the pandemic began) succeeded in stabilizing its 2020 income at the level of 2019.The Covid-19 pandemic and the economic crisis that followed hit all world regions, but it hit them with varying intensity.The currently low wealth of governments has important implications for state capacities to tackle inequality in the future, as well as the key challenges of the 21st century such as climate change.Over the past 40 years, countries have become significantly richer, but their governments have become significantly poorer.At the same time, the gap between the average incomes of the top 10% and the bottom 50% of individuals within countries has almost doubled.Inequalities within countries are now greater than those observed between countries.WomenвЂ™s share of total incomes from work (labour income) was about 30% in 1990 and is less than 35% now.The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) are the most unequal regions in the world, whereas Europe has the lowest inequality levels.The poorest half of the global population вЂњbarely owns any wealthвЂќ possessing just 2% of the total, whereas the richest 10% of the global population own 76% of all wealth.This report presents the most up-to-date synthesis of international research efforts to track global inequalities.The report was released by the World Inequality Lab, which aims to promote research on global inequality dynamics.

According to the recently released World Inequality Report 2022, India is now among the most unequal countries in the world.

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